Method of riveting



Patented Feb. 27, 1923.

UNITED STATES HUGO JUNKERS, OFDESSAU, GERMANY.

METHOD OF RIVETING. O

Application filed .Tune 28, 1920. Serial No. 392,594.

(GRANTED UNDER THE PROVISIONS 0F THE ACT 0F MARCH 3, 1921, 41 STAT. L., 1313.)

To all 'whom t may concern Be it known that I, HUGO JUNKERS, a citizen of the German Empire, residing at 'DeSSa-u, Germany', have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods of Riveting (for which I have filed 'application in Germany, January 28, 1918, Patent No. 323236; Holland, July 4, 1919, Patent No. 7150; Sweden, December 6, 1919, Patent No. 49534; Denmark, December 19, 1919, Patent No. 29951; Norway, December 31, 1919, Patent No. 32386; England, June 21, 1920, Patent No. 145496 ;l France, June 26, 1920, Patent No. 518016), of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a method of making rivet Aconnections in the walls of hollow bodies, and more especiallyv tubular bodies `such as the long narrow metal tubes used in the construction of flying machines and whose interior is not easily accessible.

My invention tends to obviate the drawbacks connected with the methods pra.c tised up till now of inserting the rivets from the interior of the work piece and it renders it possible to form the closing head in long andnarrow tubes from the interior after inserting t-he rivet in its hole from the Outside, whereby the riveting operation is materially simplified andI shortened.

The 4novel method of forming the closing head within the' interior of a tube or other hollow body according to my invention substantially consists in forcing the rivet introduced from the Outside into the rivet hole by blows or pressure acting upon the rivet head, against an abutment or anvil previously introduced into the said tube or other body, while at the same time gra-dually diminishing the distance between the abutment and the wall receiving the rivet in proportion to the progressive reduction in length of the rivet stem.

That end of the rivetstem which projects into the interior of the tube or other hollow body is upset by the .pressure constantly exerted by the abutment on the one hand and the hammer or the like on the other hand, until a closing head firmly applied against the inner wall of said'tube or other` hollow body has been formed.

"In the drawings affixed to this specification and forming part thereof different modifications of riveting devices embodying my inventlon are illustrated diagrammati- 'cally. In the dra-wings Fig. 1 is a side view of a wedge-shaped abutment displaced longitudinally of the tube during the riveting operation.

Fig. 2 is a cross-section of an eccentric abutment which is rotated in a predetermined direction during` the riveting operation,

Fig. 3 is a cross-section of an eccentric abutment adapted to be rotated in any desired direction during the riveting operation.

Fig. 4 is a. cross-section of a two-part device, in which one part is rotated and thereby imparts to the other part a vertical movement in the direction of the rivet, Figs. 5, 5a and 6 are cross-sections and a longitudinal section, respectively, (the latter on a reduced scale) of a device, the two parts of which are rotated relatively to each other during the riveting operation,

Finis. 5 and 5a being sections on the line V- in Fig. 6, while F ig. 6 shows on the left the lparts inv operativevposition at the beginning of the riveting Operation, and on the right the implements for turning and holding, respectively, the two parts of the abutment.

Referring to the drawings 1 is the hollow work piece such as a tube, and 2 is a plate to be connected thereto by riveting, 3 is the rivet head, 4 is the stem of the rivet, 5 is therab-utment or, anvil.

yAccording to Fig. 1 the substantiallyl cylindrical anvil 5 introduced into the tube by means of .the rod 12 has a portion of its circumference cut away so as to present a slightly inclined face 7, so that a wedge-shaped abutment is formed. The body 5 with its inclined face 7 serving as abutment for the rivet stem 4 is slowly advanced during the riveting operation in the directionof the arrow, while the rivet head.

is acted upon from the outsideby blows ory pressure causing the rivet stem 4 to beupset.

The cylindrical abutment according to Fig. 2 has a spiral facei8 formed thereon and is turned 'during the riveting operation in the direction of the arrow, whereby the dis tance between the abutment and the wall of the tube is gradually diminished in proportion to the progressive shortening of the rivet.

rllhe cylindrical abutment according to Fig. 3 has two spiral faces 9 and 10 meeting in a point nearest the center. By turning the abutment in one or the other direction the distance between one or the other of said faces and the rivet head is diminished.

ln the embodiment of my invention shown in Fig. 4 the riveting appliancel consists of two parts, the anvil 25 and the abutment 5 bearing against the wall of the tube. The anvil is prevented from rotating or turning, while the abutment 6 is pivoted eccentrically to the anvil 25 and is turned inthe direction of the arrow during the riveting operation, whereby the anvil 5 is displaced vertically in the direction of the rivet. 13 is a tube extending outwards and serving to lock the anvil against rotation, while the abutment 6 is xed to and turned by aid of a rod 14 extending through said tube, as shown in detail in Fig. 6.v

The tool according to Figs. 5, 5a and 6 also consists of two principal parts, the anvil 35 and the abutment 36 supported on the wall of the tube, bot-h parts being eccentrically pivoted to each other. lf the initial position of the two parts is the one illustrated in Fig. 5, the anvil 35 being prevented from rotating, part 36 may be turned in the direction of the arrow and the anvil 35 will then be advanced vertically towards the rivet, in the same manner as in the case illustrated in Fig. 4.-.

In the case, however, where the initial position ofthe eccentrics is as shown in Fig. 5a, part 36 may be locked against rotation and part 35 may now be turned in the drection of the arrow, whereby an eiect similar to that illustrated in Figs. 2 or 3 is obtained. v

It is, however, possible also to cause both parts 35 and 36 to be rotated simultaneously during the riveting operation.

The parts 35` and 36 may be exchanged if desired, part 35 then serving as abutment and part 36 as anvil.

madera For the purpose of preventing or producing a rotating movement of each individual part, part 36 is rigidly fixed to a tube 13 and part 5 is rigidly attached to a rod 14, extending through said tube 13. The tube 13 and the rod 14 are both provided with handles 15 and 16, which permit of holding, locking or rotating parts 35 and 36, as may be desired. The sleeve 17 clamped upon the tube 13, serves as a stop limiting the longitudinal displacing of the anvil 35 within the tube so that it will lie substantially below the rivet.

l claim 1. The method of'4 forming a rivet with a closing head inside a hollow body, which consists in exerting on the rivet head outside the body successive blows in axial direction with reference to the rivet, while at the same time gradually displacing within l the hollow body an anvil in contact with the rivet stem and with the opposite wall of said body so as to diminish the distance between said anvil and the rivet head.

2. The method of forming a rivet with a closing head inside a hollow body, which consists in exerting onthe rivethead outside the body successive blows in axial direction with reference to the rivet, while at the same time gradually,.displacing within the'hollow b'ody and transversely to the rivet a tapering anvil in contact with the rivet stem and with the opposite wall of said body so as to diminish the distance between said anvil and the rivet head.

3. The method of forming a rivet with a closing head inside a hollow body, which consists in exerting on the rivet head outside the body successive blows in axial direction with reference to the rivet, while at the same time gradually displacing within the hollow body an anvil in contact with the rivet stem and'with the opposite wall of said body by turning it about an eccentric' axis so as to diminish the distance. between said anvil and the rivet head. In testimony whereof l aiix my signature.

HUGO JUNKERS. 

